¹Fabi SG, Massaki A, Eimpunth S, Pogoda J, Goldman MP. Evaluation of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for lifting, tightening, and wrinkle reduction of the décolletage. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2013;69(6):965-971. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2013.06.045
²Fabi SG, Goldman MP, Dayan SH, Gold MH, Kilmer SL, Hornfeldt CS. A prospective multicenter pilot study of the safety and efficacy of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for improving lines and wrinkles of the décolleté. Dermatol Surg. 2015;41(3):327-335. doi:10.1097/DSS.0000000000000322
³Vachiramon V, Namasondhi A, Anuntrangsee T, Kositkuljorn C, Jurairattanaporn N. A study of combined microfocused ultrasound and hyaluronic acid dermal filler in the treatment of enlarged facial pores in Asians. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021;20(11):3467-3474. doi:10.1111/jocd.14360
⁴Fabi SG, Joseph J, Sevi J, Green JB, Peterson JD. Optimizing Patient Outcomes by Customizing Treatment With Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization: Gold Standard Consensus Guidelines from an Expert Panel. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(5):426-432.
⁵Park JY, Lin F, Suwanchinda A, et al. Customized Treatment Using Microfocused Ultrasound with Visualization for Optimized Patient Outcomes: A Review of Skin-tightening Energy Technologies and a Pan-Asian Adaptation of the Expert Panel's Gold Standard Consensus. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021;14(5):E70-E79.
⁶Suh DH, Choi JH, Lee SJ, Jeong KH, Song KY, Shin MK. Comparative histometric analysis of the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound and radiofrequency on skin. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2015;17(5):230-236. doi:10.3109/14764172.2015.1022189
⁷White WM, Makin IR, Barthe PG, Slayton MH, Gliklich RE. Selective creation of thermal injury zones in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system using intense ultrasound therapy: a new target for noninvasive facial rejuvenation. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007;9(1):22-29. doi:10.1001/archfaci.9.1.22
⁸Kerscher M, Nurrisyanti AT, Eiben-Nielson C, Hartmann S, Lambert-Baumann J. Skin physiology and safety of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for improving skin laxity. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2019;12:71-79. Published 2019 Jan 14. doi:10.2147/CCID.S188586
⁹Casabona G, Kaye K, Cotofana S, Davidovic K, Alfertshofer M, Freytag L. Histological effects of a combined collagen stimulation procedure consisting of microfocused ultrasound, soft tissue filler, and Ca-HA injections. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(6):1724-1730. doi:10.1111/jocd.15770
¹⁰Marquardt K, Hartmann C, Wegener F, et al. Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization Induces Remodeling of Collagen and Elastin Within the Skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(1):e16638. doi:10.1111/jocd.16638
¹¹White WM, Makin IR, Slayton MH, Barthe PG, Gliklich R. Selective transcutaneous delivery of energy to porcine soft tissues using Intense Ultrasound (IUS). Lasers Surg Med. 2008;40(2):67-75. doi:10.1002/lsm.20613
¹²White WM, Makin IR, Slayton MH, Barthe PG, Gliklich R. Selective transcutaneous delivery of energy to porcine soft tissues using Intense Ultrasound (IUS). Lasers Surg Med. 2008;40(2):67-75. doi:10.1002/lsm.20613
White WM, Makin IR, Barthe PG, Slayton MH, Gliklich RE. Selective creation of thermal injury zones in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system using intense ultrasound therapy: a new target for noninvasive facial rejuvenation. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007;9(1):22-29. doi:10.1001/archfaci.9.1.22
¹³Fabi SG, Joseph J, Sevi J, Green JB, Peterson JD. Optimizing Patient Outcomes by Customizing Treatment With Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization: Gold Standard Consensus Guidelines from an Expert Panel. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(5):426-432.
¹⁴Park JY, Lin F, Suwanchinda A, et al. Customized Treatment Using Microfocused Ultrasound with Visualization for Optimized Patient Outcomes: A Review of Skin-tightening Energy Technologies and a Pan-Asian Adaptation of the Expert Panel's Gold Standard Consensus. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2021;14(5):E70-E79.
¹⁵Suh DH, Choi JH, Lee SJ, Jeong KH, Song KY, Shin MK. Comparative histometric analysis of the effects of high-intensity focused ultrasound and radiofrequency on skin. J Cosmet Laser Ther. 2015;17(5):230-236. doi:10.3109/14764172.2015.1022189
¹⁶White WM, Makin IR, Barthe PG, Slayton MH, Gliklich RE. Selective creation of thermal injury zones in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system using intense ultrasound therapy: a new target for noninvasive facial rejuvenation. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007;9(1):22-29. doi:10.1001/archfaci.9.1.22
¹⁷Kerscher M, Nurrisyanti AT, Eiben-Nielson C, Hartmann S, Lambert-Baumann J. Skin physiology and safety of microfocused ultrasound with visualization for improving skin laxity. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2019;12:71-79. Published 2019 Jan 14. doi:10.2147/CCID.S188586
¹⁸Casabona G, Kaye K, Cotofana S, Davidovic K, Alfertshofer M, Freytag L. Histological effects of a combined collagen stimulation procedure consisting of microfocused ultrasound, soft tissue filler, and Ca-HA injections. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2023;22(6):1724-1730. doi:10.1111/jocd.15770
¹⁹Marquardt K, Hartmann C, Wegener F, et al. Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization Induces Remodeling of Collagen and Elastin Within the Skin. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2025;24(1):e16638. doi:10.1111/jocd.16638
²⁰Fabi SG, Joseph J, Sevi J, Green JB, Peterson JD. Optimizing Patient Outcomes by Customizing Treatment With Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization: Gold Standard Consensus Guidelines from an Expert Panel. J Drugs Dermatol. 2019;18(5):426-432.
²¹Pavicic T, Ballard JR, Bykovskaya T, et al. Microfocused ultrasound with visualization: Consensus on safety and review of energy-based devices. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21(2):636-647. doi:10.1111/jocd.14666
²²Werschler WP, Werschler PS. Long-term Efficacy of Micro-focused Ultrasound with Visualization for Lifting and Tightening Lax Facial and Neck Skin Using a Customized Vectoring Treatment Method. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016;9(2):27-33.
²³Araco A. Prospective Study on Clinical Efficacy and Safety of a Single Session of Microfocused Ultrasound With Visualization for Collagen Regeneration. Aesthet Surg J. 2020;40(10):1124-1132. doi:10.1093/asj/sjz363
²⁴Merz Aesthetics®. Data on File. 2024.
²⁵Merz Aesthetics®. Data on File. 2023.
²⁶White WM, Makin IR, Slayton MH, Barthe PG, Gliklich R. Selective transcutaneous delivery of energy to porcine soft tissues using Intense Ultrasound (IUS). Lasers Surg Med. 2008;40(2):67-75. doi:10.1002/lsm.20613
²⁷White WM, Makin IR, Barthe PG, Slayton MH, Gliklich RE. Selective creation of thermal injury zones in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system using intense ultrasound therapy: a new target for noninvasive facial rejuvenation. Arch Facial Plast Surg. 2007;9(1):22-29. doi:10.1001/archfaci.9.1.22
²⁸Alam M, White LE, Martin N, Witherspoon J, Yoo S, West DP. Ultrasound tightening of facial and neck skin: a rater-blinded prospective cohort study. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2010;62(2):262-269. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2009.06.039
²⁹Oni G, Hoxworth R, Teotia S, Brown S, Kenkel JM. Evaluation of a microfocused ultrasound system for improving skin laxity and tightening in the lower face. Aesthet Surg J. 2014;34(7):1099-1110. doi:10.1177/1090820X14541956
³⁰Werschler WP, Werschler PS. Long-term Efficacy of Micro-focused Ultrasound with Visualization for Lifting and Tightening Lax Facial and Neck Skin Using a Customized Vectoring Treatment Method. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2016;9(2):27-33.
³¹Pavicic T, Ballard JR, Bykovskaya T, et al. Microfocused ultrasound with visualization: Consensus on safety and review of energy-based devices. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2022;21(2):636-647. doi:10.1111/jocd.14666